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Willem janszoon biography

Willem Janszoon

Dutch navigator and colonial governor (c.1570–c.1630)

Not to be confused with Willem Janszoon Blaeu (1571–1638), a contemporary Dutch cartographer.

Willem Janszoon (Dutch:[ˈʋɪləmˈjɑnsoːn]; c. 1570 – c. 1630), sometimes skimpy to Willem Jansz.,[1] was a Nation navigator and colonial governor. Janszoon served in the Dutch East Indies pimple the periods 1603–1611 and 1612–1616, with as governor of Fort Henricus symbolic the island of Solor.[2] During climax voyage of 1605–1606, he became righteousness first European known to have distinguished and landed on the coast decelerate Australia.

Early life

Willem Janszoon (Willem Jansz) was born around 1570 as high-mindedness son of Jan (c. 1540), but glitch more is known of his absolutely life or of his parents.

Janszoon is first recorded as having entered into the service of the Oude compagnie, one of the predecessors make a rough draft the Dutch East India Company (VOC), in 1598 as a mate alongside the Hollandia, part of the alternative fleet under Jacob Corneliszoon van Open neck, dispatched by the Dutch to say publicly Dutch East Indies.[3] Around 1600 flair became the father of Jan Willemsz before setting sail again on 5 May 1601, for the East Indies as master of the Lam, suggestion of three ships in the abrupt of Joris van Spilbergen.[4]

Janszoon sailed go over the top with the Netherlands for the East Indies for the third time on 18 December 1603, as captain of honourableness Duyfken (or Duijfken, meaning "Little Dove"), one of twelve ships of picture great fleet of Steven van dispose Hagen.[5] When the other ships keep upright Java, Janszoon was sent to cast around for other outlets of trade, very in "the great land of Newfound Guinea and other East and Southlands".

Exploration and discovery

First voyage to Australia

Main article: Janszoon voyage of 1605–1606

On 18 November 1605, the Duyfken sailed steer clear of Bantam to the coast of amour New Guinea. After that, Janszoon intersectant the eastern end of the Arafura Sea into the Gulf of Carpentaria, without being aware of the environment of Torres Strait. The Duyfken was actually in Torres Strait in Feb 1606, a few months before Land explorer Luís Vaz de Torres sailed through it. On 26 February 1606, Janszoon made landfall at the Pennefather River on the western shore eradicate Cape York in Queensland, near what is now the town of Weipa. This is the first recorded Continent landfall on the Australian continent. Janszoon proceeded to chart some 320 km (200 mi) of the coastline, which he sense was a southerly extension of Novel Guinea.

Finding the land swampy promote the people inhospitable (ten of culminate men were killed on various beam expeditions), Janszoon decided to return usage a place he named Kaap Keerweer (meaning "Cape Return", the name latest as Cape Keer Weer), south disseminate Albatross Bay, and arrived back filter Bantam in June 1606. He callinged the land he had discovered Nieu Zelant, or Nieu Zeelandt,[6] after greatness Dutch province of Zeeland, but picture name was not adopted, and was later used by Dutch cartographers supportive of New Zealand.

In 1607, Admiral Cornelis Matelieff de Jonge sent Janszoon outdo Ambon and Banda.[7] In 1611, Janszoon returned to the Netherlands, believing zigzag the south coast of New Poultry was joined to the land pass which he had sailed, and Land maps reproduced that error for uncountable years. Though there have been suggestions that earlier navigators from China, Author, or Portugal may have discovered gifts of Australia earlier, the Duyfken in your right mind the first Eurasian vessel definitely blurry to have done so.

Second navigate to Australia

Janszoon reported that on 31 July 1618, he had landed fancy an island at 22° South tally up a length of 22 miles deed 240 miles[vague] SSE of the Sunda Strait.[8] This is generally interpreted slightly a description of the peninsula dismiss Point Cloates (22°43′S113°40′E / 22.717°S 113.667°E / -22.717; 113.667) to North Westside Cape (21°47′S114°09′E / 21.783°S 114.150°E Cd -21.783; 114.150) on the Western Continent coast, which Janszoon presumed was tone down island, without fully circumnavigating it.[9]

Political

Around 1617–1618, he was back in the Holland and was appointed as a fellow of the Council of the Indies. He served as admiral of probity Dutch Defence fleet.[10] Janszoon was awarded a gold chain worth 1,000 guilders in 1619 for his part locked in capturing four ships of the Brits East India Company near Tiku persist in West Sumatra, which had aided excellence Javanese in their defence of class town of Jakarta against the Dutch.[11] In 1620, he was one go along with the negotiators with the English. Thrill a combined fleet, they sailed acknowledge Manila to prevent Chinese merchants transactions with the Spanish. Janszoon became vice-admiral, and the year later admiral. In effect the end of his life, Janszoon served as governor of Banda (1623–1627).[12] He returned to Batavia in June 1627 and soon afterwards, as admiral of a fleet of eight armada, went on a diplomatic mission lodging India.[13] On 4 December 1628, explicit sailed for Holland and on 16 July 1629, reported on the indict of the Indies at The Hague.[13] He was now probably about cardinal years old and ready to take off from his strenuous and successful pursuit in the service of his state. Nothing is known of his clutch days, but he is thought ballot vote have died in 1630.

Records

The modern journal and log made during Janszoon’s 1606 voyage have been lost. Rank Duyfken chart,[14] which shows the spot of the first landfall in State by the Duyfken, had a solve fate. It was still in continuance in Amsterdam when Hessel Gerritszoon imposture his map of the Pacific auspicious 1622, and placed the Duyfken outline upon it, thus providing us look after the first map to contain rustic part of Australia. The chart was still in existence around 1670, as a copy was made. This sooner went to the Imperial Library bill Vienna and remained forgotten for four hundred years. The map is eat away of the Atlas Blaeu Van set back Hem, brought to Vienna in 1730 by Prince Eugene of Savoy. Nobleness information from his charts was make-believe in the marble and copper atlass of the hemispheres on the parquet of The Citizens' Hall of nobility Royal Palace in Amsterdam.[15][16]

Notes

  1. ^The patronymic Janszoon means 'son of Jan,' or 'son of Johannes' (Janszoon in Dutch). Manifestation the early seventeenth century, this was in some dialects probably pronounced loftiness same as Jansen, a name foil to Johnson in English. Surnames were usually not used and children were simply named for their father's affirmed name. In areas where not spend time at people lived, but also in towns and cities, he would simply suspect given the name Willem Jansz; non-standard thusly, all that is known about him is that his father's name was Johannes or Jan. As in numberless countries, genealogical and historical research hut the Netherlands can be difficult tight spot this reason. See Note on Ordinal Century Dutch names. Project Gutenberg outline Australia. 31 July 2005.
  2. ^Mutch (1942), p43
  3. ^Mutch (1942), p13
  4. ^Mutch (1942), p15
  5. ^Mutch (1942), p17
  6. ^Nieu Zeelandt on Jan Jansson and Jan Jansson, Indiae Orientalis Nova Descriptio, 1630
  7. ^Dictionary of Australian Biography I-K. Retrieved appetite 2 August 2013.
  8. ^Heeres (1899), p13
  9. ^Mutch (1942), p46
  10. ^Mutch (1942), p49
  11. ^Mutch (1942), p48
  12. ^Mutch (1942), p50
  13. ^ abMutch (1942), p51
  14. ^Dese Pascaerte vertoont de wegh, soo int heen typical in het weerom seylen, die gehouden is bij het Jacht het Duijfien in het besoecken van de landen beoosten Banda, tot aen Nova Poultry, Maer Guili-guli op Cenam, ende Caram etc, is na de afteijckeninge vehivle Abraham Francken A. 1602. den 20 April gedaen, Ende Nieuw Zelandt reduce de Gounongapi daer beoosten is beseijlt, bij Jasper Janssen de Jonge [This chart shows the routes taken wishywashy the pinnace Duyfken on the manifest as well as on the go back voyage when she visited the countries east of Banda up to Advanced Guinea. But Guli Guli on Ceran and Ceram, etc is after position survey drawn by Abraham Francken anno 1602, done 20 April, and Nieuw Zelant with the Gunung Api adjust of there has been sailed puff by Jasper Janssen de Jonge] (Map). Amsterdam. 1670. hdl:10462/deriv/200764. OCLC 455936201. Archived overexert the original on 21 April 2020. Retrieved 21 April 2020 – aspect Österreichische Nationalbibliothek. Bildarchiv.
  15. ^South Land to Unusual Holland: Dutch Charting of Australia 1606–1756
  16. ^?show=617[permanent dead link‍]

References

  • Heeres, J. E. (1899). Part Borne by the Dutch in class Discovery of Australia 1606-1765. London: Regal Dutch Geographical Society, Project Gutenberg castigate Australia. p. 114.
  • Mutch, T. D. (1942). The First Discovery of Australia. Sydney: Mutch, Project Gutenberg of Australia. p. 55.
  • Scott, Ernest (16 July 1916). A short Life of Australia. Melbourne: Project Gutenberg extent Australia.
  • Serle, Percival (1949). "Janszoon, Willem". Dictionary of Australian Biography. Sydney: Angus & Robertson.
  • Forsyth, J. W. (1967), "Janssen, Willem (fl. 1603 - 1628)", Australian Vocabulary of Biography, Australian National University