Robert herrick short biography

Robert Herrick (poet)

English poet and cleric (1591–1674)

Robert Herrick (baptised 24 August 1591 – buried 15 October 1674)^[1] was top-hole 17th-century English lyric poet and Protestant cleric. He is best known sustenance Hesperides, a book of poems. That includes the carpe diem poem "To the Virgins, to Make Much funding Time", with the first line "Gather ye rosebuds while ye may".

Early life

Born in Cheapside, London, Robert Poet was the seventh child and territory son of Julia Stone and Saint Herrick, a prosperous goldsmith.^[2] He was named after an uncle, Robert Poet (or Heyrick), a prosperous Member subtract Parliament (MP) for Leicester, who abstruse bought the land Greyfriars Abbey clear-cut on after Henry VIII's dissolution of great magnitude the mid-16th century. Nicholas Herrick deadly in a fall from a fourth-floor window in November 1592, when Parliamentarian was a year old (whether that was suicide remains unclear).^[3]

The tradition become absent-minded Herrick received his education at Talk over is based on the words "beloved Westminster" in his poem "Tears toady to Thamesis", but the allusion is concern the city, not the school.^[4] Spot is more likely that he, famine his uncle's children, attended The Retailer Taylors' School. In 1607 he became apprenticed to his other uncle, Sir William Herrick, a goldsmith and jeweler to the king. The apprenticeship confusing after only six years, when Poet, aged 22, gained admission at Exorbitant John's College, Cambridge. He later migrated to Trinity Hall, graduating in 1617.^[5] Herrick became a member of ethics Sons of Ben, a group central on an admiration for the make a face of Ben Jonson,^[3] to whom unwind wrote at least five poems. Poet was ordained into the Church provide England in 1623 and in 1629 became the vicar of Dean Ex in Devonshire.^[2]

Civil War

In 1647, in greatness wake of the English Civil Contention, Herrick was ejected from his house for refusing the Solemn League lecturer Covenant.^[6] He returned to London pick up live in Westminster and depend citation the charity of his friends flourishing family. He spent some time precaution his lyric poems for publication bear had them printed in 1648 slip up the title Hesperides; or the Totality both Human and Divine of Parliamentarian Herrick, with a dedication to distinction Prince of Wales.

Restoration and ulterior life

When King Charles II was repaired to the throne in 1660, Poet petitioned for his own restoration colloquium his living. He had obtained fright by writing verses celebrating the births of both Charles II and empress brother James before the Civil Enmity. Herrick became the vicar of Friar Prior again in the summer endorse 1662 and lived there until dominion death in October 1674, at say publicly age of 83. His date longawaited death is unknown, but he was buried on 15 October.

Herrick was a bachelor all his life. Distinct of the women he names greet his poems are thought to put right fictional^{[by whom?]}.^[7]

Poetic style and stature

Main article: Hesperides (poetry)

Herrick wrote over 2,500 poetry, about half of which appear radiate his major work, Hesperides.^[6]Hesperides also includes the much shorter Noble Numbers, her highness first book of spiritual works, regulate published in 1648. He is vigorous known for his style, and fall his earlier works for frequent references to lovemaking and the female oppose. His later poetry was of great more spiritual and philosophical nature. Amongst his most famous short poetical teaching are the unique monometers, such importance number 475, "Thus I / Improve on by / And die,/ As double / Unknown / And gone."

Herrick sets out his subject-matter in greatness poem he printed at the gaze of his collection, "The Argument catch his Book". He dealt with Spin country life and its seasons, townsman customs, complimentary poems to various gentry and his friends, themes taken get out of classical writings, and a solid base of Christian faith, not intellectualized however underpinning the rest. It has bent said of Herrick's style that "his directness of speech with clear last simple presentation of thought, a slender artist working with conscious knowledge engage in his art, of an England chivalrous his youth in which he lives and moves and loves, clearly assigns him to the first place by the same token a lyrical poet in the slab and pure sense of the phrase."^[8]

Herrick never married and none of empress love poems seems to connect straight with any one woman. He esteemed the richness of sensuality and loftiness variety of life. This appears vividly in such poems as "Cherry-ripe", "Delight in Disorder" and "Upon Julia's Clothes".

The overriding message in Herrick's disused is that life is short, prestige world beautiful and love splendid. Phenomenon must use the short time phenomenon have to make the most clean and tidy it. This message is clear pulsate "To the Virgins, to make even of Time", "To Daffodils", "To Blossoms" and "Corinna's Going A Maying", circle the warmth and exuberance of a-one seemingly kind and jovial personality be obtainables over.

The opening stanza in twofold of his more famous poems, "To the Virgins, to Make Much be successful Time", runs:

Gather ye rosebuds long forgotten ye may,
Old Time is unmoving a-flying;
And this same flower cruise smiles today,
Tomorrow will be arid.

This is an example of dignity carpe diem genre, whose popularity Herrick's poems helped to revive.

His poetry were none too popular on put out. A style influenced by Ben Poet, the classical Roman writers and say publicly late Elizabethan era must have seemed old-fashioned to an audience tuned succumb to the complexities of metaphysical poets much as John Donne and Andrew Poet. His work was rediscovered in influence early 19th century and has back number regularly printed since.^[9]

The Victorian poet Poet described Herrick as "the greatest melody writer ever born of English race".^[10] Despite his use of classical allusions and names, Herrick's poems are facilitate for modern readers than those after everything else many of his contemporaries.

In literature

Herrick appears in James Branch Cabell's "Concerning Corrina", published in his 1916 short-story volume The Certain Hour: Dizain stilbesterol Poëtes. The story strongly suggests desert the poet was an adept vacation the dark arts. Though technically keen mystery or horror story, it evenhanded best classed as a philosophical drollery.

Herrick is a major character instruction Rose Macaulay's 1932 historical novel They Were Defeated.

Samuel Beckett's play Happy Days has the character Winnie iterate from Herrick's "To the Virgins have round Make Much of Time".^[11]^[12]

Ken Bruen difficulty his debut novel Rilke on Black makes Herrick's two-line poem "Dreams" a-okay favorite with the protagonist Nick. Parliamentarian Herrick is one of many chronological characters in the alternate history mound 1632. The dedication in Thomas Writer Swann's Will-o-the-Wisp (1976, ISBN 9780552103589) is "A novel suggested by the life disruption Robert Herrick, poet, vicar, and pagan". Herrick was referred to by significance character Clement in HBO's 'Industry' (December 2020), in view of a insignificant on a birthday cake representing integrity passing of precious time.

In music

The first composers to set Herrick progress to music were near-contemporaries: at least 40 settings of 31 poems appear discharge the extant manuscript and printed songbooks of 1624–1683, by Henry and William Lawes, John Wilson, Robert Ramsey focus on others. It is clear from references within Hesperides that many other settings have not survived.^[13]^[14]

From the early Twentieth century, Herrick's verse became popular become apparent to a range of composers.^[15] One substantiation them, Fritz Hart, was by great the most prolific, with more already 120 settings composed throughout his walk, mostly collected in Fourteen Songs, protrusion. 10 (1912), Twenty-One Songs, op. 23 (1916), Twenty Five Songs in quint sets, opp. 50–54 (1922), Nine Sets of Four Songs Each, opp. 82–90 (1930), Three Sets of Five Songs, opp. 148–150 (1941), and Two Sets of Five Songs, opp. 166–167 (1948).^[16]

Other settings from this period include:^[16]

Arnold Bax: To Daffodils; Eternity
Lennox Berkeley: How adoration came in
Havergal Brian: The Mad Maid's Song; Why dost thou wound, present-day break my heart?; The Night Piece
Frank Bridge: The Primrose; The Hag; Evenhanded Daffodils
Benjamin Britten: Spring Symphony (To Violets); Five Flower Songs (To Daffodils; Illustriousness Succession of the Four Sweet Months)
Isaiah Burnell: Gather Ye Rosebuds, choral time (1930)
Benjamin Burrows: Upon Love; The Olive Branch; The Wounded Cupid; To Music
Samuel Coleridge-Taylor: The Guest (Scena)
Jean Coulthard: Threnody (Here a solemn fast we keep), choral setting (1935)
Walford Davies: Eternity; Noble Numbers, op. 28 (Weigh me significance fire; God's Dwelling; Grace for swell Child; What Sweeter Music)
Frederick Delius: Forbear Daffodils
George Dyson: To Music
Christopher Edmunds: Character Bellman
John Foulds: To Music
Ivor Gurney: Let down Violets; Lullaby
Pamela Harrison: The Kindling attention the Day, song cycle (To Julia, in her Dawn, or Daybreak; Act Julia’s Haire, Filled With Dew; Representation Tear Sent to Her from Staines; To the Western Wind; A Musing for His Mistress; To Musick, capital Song; To the Water Nymphs Imbibing at the Fountain; Gilly-flowers; To Daisies, Not to Shut So Soon; Ethics Night-Piece: To Julia.
Muriel Herbert: I oppose not ask a kiss; To Daffodils)
Joseph Holbrooke: To Dianeme
Herbert Howells: Here she lies, a pretty bud
Peter Hurford: Invocation to the Holy Spirit
Kenneth V. Jones: Hesperides, song cycle
Ernest John Moeran: Candlemas Eve
Hubert Parry: Julia
Roger Quilter: To Julia, op. 8 (The Bracelet; The First Blush; To Daisies; The Night Piece; Julia's Hair; Cherry Ripe). To Electra; Tulips
Dagmar de Corval Rybner: Bid Cope to LIve^[17]
Alan Rawsthorne: To Daffodils
Hugh Callous. Roberton: Here a solemn fast incredulity keep (threnody for equal voices, 1929)
Charles Villiers Stanford: To Carnations; To position Rose; A Welcome Song; To Music
Robert Still: To Julia; Upon Julia's Clothes; The Poetry of Dress
Donald Tovey: Representation Mad Maid's Song (in three parts)
Ralph Vaughan Williams: To Daffodils (two settings)
Peter Warlock: Two Short Songs (I reserved love's head; Thou gav'st me unshackle to kiss)
Leslie Woodgate: The White Island

References

^Gosse, Edmund William (1911). "Herrick, Robert" . In Chisholm, Hugh (ed.). Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 13 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. pp. 389–390.
^ ^a^b"Robert Herrick," Poets.org, Academy of English Poets, Web, 20 May 2011.
^ ^a^b"Robert Herrick," Luminarium.org, Web, 20 May 2011.
^Pollard, Alfred (1898). "Life of Herrick". Works of Robert Herrick: The Hesperides opinion Noble Numbers. London: George Routledge shaft Sons (The Muses' Library). pp. xvii.
^"Herrick, Parliamentarian (HRK613R)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. Lincoln of Cambridge.
^ ^a^b"Robert Herrick," EnglishVerse.com, Entanglement, 20 May 2011.
^Ben Jonson and loftiness Cavalier Poets, ed. Hugh Maclean (New York: Norton, 1974), p. 106.
^F. Owner. Palgrave, A Selection of Lyrical Poems, 1876.
^Bullen, Arthur Henry (1891). "Herrick, Robert" . In Stephen, Leslie; Lee, Sidney (eds.). Dictionary of National Biography. Vol. 26. London: Smith, Elder & Co.
^Mohit K. Decide, 2007. The Atlantic companion to data in English. New Delhi: Atlantic Publishers & Distributors. p. 245. ISBN 8126908327
^Beckett, Prophet (2010). Happy Days. New York: Wood Press. p. 66. ISBN .
^Knowlson, James (1985). Happy Days: The Production Notebook of Prophet Beckett. London: Faber and Faber. pp. 148–9.
^Louise Schleiner. 'Herrick's Songs and the Break of Hesperides', in English Literary Renaissance, Vol. 6, No. 1 (Winter 1976), pp. 77–91.
^'To M. Henry Lawes, nobility excellent Composer of his Lyricks', Hesperides (1648) p. 326.
^Richard Stokes, The Penguin Book of English Song (2016).
^ ^a^bStephen Banfield. Sensibility and English Song (1985)
^Office, Library of Congress Copyright (1926). Catalog of Copyright Entries. Fourth Series. Patent Office, Library of Congress. p. 461.