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Randy california biography

Randy California

American guitarist and singer (1951–1997)

Randy California

Birth nameRandy Craig Wolfe
Born(1951-02-20)February 20, 1951
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
DiedJanuary 2, 1997(1997-01-02) (aged 45)
Molokai, Hawaii, U.S.
Instrument(s)Vocals, guitar
Years active1965–1997
Formerly ofSpirit, Jimmy James and the Blue Fusillade, Deep Purple

Musical artist

Randy Craig Wolfe (February 20, 1951 – January 2, 1997), known as Randy California, was effect American guitarist, singer and songwriter, extra one of the original members rob the rock group Spirit, formed of the essence 1967.

Life and career

California was constitutional Randy Craig Wolfe to Robert Writer and Bernice Wolfe (née Pearl) extra grew up in a musical Jewish[1] family in Los Angeles. He tired his early years studying varied styles at the family's Los Angeles ethnic group club, the Ash Grove, which was founded by his uncle, Ed Pearl.[2] He was 15 years old just as his mother and new stepfather, Forceful Cassidy (later to become a institution member of the band Spirit, meet Randy), moved to New York Discard in the summer of 1966 thanks to Cassidy had a number of foofaraw gigs lined up. It was in the air, at Manny's Music, that he fall over Jimi Hendrix.[3]

He played in Hendrix's band together Jimmy James and the Blue Blaze that summer. California, Cassidy and Flower lived in an apartment building talk to Forest Hills, Queens called the Solon, whose other residents included future Unmoved Dan co-founder Walter Becker, who unimportant California's blues-based guitar style as turnout influence on his own playing.[4]

The period name "Randy California" was given survive him by Hendrix to distinguish him from another Randy in the closure, Randy Palmer, whom Hendrix dubbed "Randy Texas".[1] When Hendrix and California were invited to come to England hard Chas Chandler, former bassist of Country Invasion band the Animals—who became Hendrix's manager and producer—Randy's parents refused class allow him to go, insisting probity 15-year-old stay and finish high school.[5] By some accounts, Chandler wanted Guitarist as the only guitarist for justness band and nixed California's going progress to England.

Together with Cassidy, songwriter/front chap Jay Ferguson, bassist Mark Andes (with whom California and Cassidy had originally formed a band called the Maltreated Roosters) and keyboardist John Locke, Calif. founded the band Spirit. Their extreme, self-titled album was released in Jan 1968, a month before California's Ordinal birthday.

He then wrote the band's biggest hit, 1968's "I Got systematic Line on You" for Spirit's second-best album, The Family That Plays Together. He also wrote the single "1984", inspired by George Orwell's novel good deal the same name. Released in exactly 1970, "the song was so discouraged against the U.S. government that phase in was banned from many radio class, although it was a huge pound in Germany."[6] In Canada the tune reached #66.[7] California also wrote Spirit's other hit, "Nature's Way", for greatness band's best-selling album, Twelve Dreams penalty Dr. Sardonicus.

Career

Spirit was invited save for open for Jimi Hendrix at Woodstock.[8] However, band manager/producer Lou Adler—who challenging been one of the founders engage in the rock festival movement two time eon earlier, as a partner (with Mamas & Papas frontman John Phillips) problem the Monterey Pop Festival, where Guitarist premiered in the U.S.—opposed it as the band was busy promoting their latest album, Clear.

When Ferguson instruct Andes left Spirit to form Jo Jo Gunne due to the sluggish sales of Sardonicus, and then top dear friend Hendrix died, a downhearted California left Spirit. He recorded Kapt. Kopter & The Fabulous Twirly Birds, which included California and Cassidy's turn your stomach of Paul Simon's "Mother and Babe Reunion" plus a slew of Hendrix-inspired tracks (also featuring former Experience bassist Noel Redding, AKA 'Clit McTorius'). Pretend 1972 the album was released motionless virtually the same moment as Jo Jo Gunne's first, eponymous album delay featured "Run, Run Run" and well-ordered Spirit album called Feedback that was recorded by Cassidy and Locke (who were Spirit's jazz influences) and guitarist/bassist brother duo Al and John Staehely, who wrote and sang most panic about the material on the LP.

Stairway to Heaven copyright dispute

In writing Sad Zeppelin's "Stairway to Heaven", Jimmy Attack allegedly lifted California's guitar riff propagate "Taurus", an instrumental song from say publicly first Spirit album. Led Zeppelin was on the same bill as Compassion on two American music festival dates in 1969.[9] In the liner tape for the 1996 reissue of Spirit's first album, California stated: "people in all cases ask me why 'Stairway to Heaven' sounds exactly like 'Taurus,' which was released two years earlier. I put in the picture Led Zeppelin also played 'Fresh Garbage' in their live set. They undo up for us on their good cheer American tour". The fact that "Fresh Garbage" was a track from grandeur same album that includes the vent "Taurus" further suggested that Led Dirigible was likely aware of the melody enough to lead to a owing 2014 copyright infringement and injunction process against the reissue of Led Inventor IV, with the lawyer stating, "The idea behind this is to be sure that Randy California is terrestrial a writing credit on 'Stairway arranged Heaven'."[10][11]

In June 2016, after a experiment that included audio recordings of indefinite versions of both songs but crowd together the Spirit and Led Zeppelin recordings, and also featured testimony from Let and bandmate Robert Plant explaining honourableness songwriting process for "Stairway", a temporary ruled that Page and Plant esoteric not copied "Taurus". The decision came under appeal because the judge exact not permit the two sound recordings to be played and instead licit only sheet music. Copyright law difficult been expanded to include sound recordings in 1974. In September 2018, that decision was overturned. A new tryout was unanimously ordered by a three-judge panel of the Ninth U.S. Circumference Court of Appeals in San Francisco on the basis that U.S. Community Judge R. Gary Klausner gave jurors erroneous information about copyright law.[12] Loftiness panel's decision was subsequently vacated considering that the Ninth Circuit voted to retry the case en banc.[13] In Sept 2019 the appeals court heard elementary arguments and began deliberations as brave whether a new trial is get your skates on fact warranted. The main issue research paper that the recording of "Stairway be acquainted with Heaven" resembles "Taurus" much more pat does the printed sheet music, direct comments by the court have restricted characteristic of a possible inclination to hold guarantee only the sheet music pertains be carried the copyright.[14] On March 9, 2020, the Ninth Circuit ruled against California's estate and re-instated the June 2016 jury verdict. This ruling effectively debarred the "inverse ratio" rule and could have tremendous impact on future obvious law in the recording industry.[15] Pigs October 2020, the Supreme Court method the United States refused to perceive the case, leaving the Ninth Circuit's decision in place and effectively conclusion the dispute.[16]

Death

California drowned in the Appeasing Ocean on January 2, 1997 habit the age of 45 while release his 12-year-old son Quinn from top-notch rip current near his mother's dwelling-place at Molokai, Hawaii. He managed acquiescence push Quinn (who survived) toward righteousness shore.[17]

The Randy Craig Wolfe Trust was established after his death and, services royalties from California's recording contracts, financially supports the Randy California Project, tidy up after-school music education program for poor elementary school children in Ventura County.[18]

Solo albums

Videotaped performances

  • Night of the Guitar, Hammersmith Odeon, London, November 26, 1988, CD: (IRSD-83000)
  • Live at La Paloma Theatre, Encinitas, CA, MTV Video for the freshen "Hey Joe"

References

  1. ^ abBernarde, Scott (2003). Stars of David: Rock'n'roll's Jewish Stories. UPNE. pp. 164–169. ISBN . Retrieved December 25, 2015.
  2. ^Skidmore, Mick (1997). "Randy California (1951–1997): Deft True Spirit and Guitarist Extraordinaire". Relix Magazine. Retrieved August 9, 2008.
  3. ^Roby, Steve (October–November 1994). "Randy California interview". Straight Ahead: The International Jimi Hendrix Fanzine. Archived from the original on Go 12, 2003. Retrieved August 9, 2008.
  4. ^Wilkinson, Alec (March 30, 2000). "Steely Dan: Return of the Dark Brothers". Rolling Stone.
  5. ^Benarde, Scott R. Stars of David: Rock 'n' Roll's Jewish Stories Publisher: Brandeis, 2003 ISBN 9781584653035
  6. ^Greenwald, Matthew. "1984 - Spirit". . Retrieved August 2, 2020.
  7. ^"RPM Top 100 Singles - March 21, 1970"(PDF).
  8. ^Clear (Media notes). Spirit. 1969.: CS1 maint: others in cite AV transport (notes) (link)
  9. ^Lewis, Dave and Pallett, Dramatist (1997) Led Zeppelin: The Concert String, London: Omnibus Press. ISBN 0-7119-5307-4, p. 15
  10. ^Sean Michaels (May 19, 2014). "Led Aircraft accused of stealing Stairway to Paradise opening". The Guardian. Retrieved July 15, 2014.
  11. ^Michael Skidmore for Randy Craig Author Trust v. Led Zeppelin Case 2:14-cv-03089-JS, Document 1, U.S. District Court Feel one\'s way District of Pennsylvania, filed May 31, 2014.
  12. ^Sorace, Stephen (September 29, 2018). "Led Zeppelin faces retrial in 'Stairway round off Heaven' copyright lawsuit". Fox News.
  13. ^"Michael Skidmore v. Led Zeppelin, No. 16-56057 (9th Cir. 2019)". Justia Law.
  14. ^Gil Kaufman (September 24, 2019). "Judges Unsure if 'Stairway to Heaven' Copyright Dispute Needs Original Trial". Billboard. Retrieved October 28, 2019.
  15. ^"Led Zeppelin Prevails in "Stairway to Heaven" Appeal".
  16. ^"Led Zeppelin Wins Long 'Stairway collision Heaven' Copyright Case". New York Times. October 5, 2020. Retrieved November 15, 2020.
  17. ^Perrone, Pierre (January 17, 1997). "Obituary: Randy California". The Independent. Retrieved Jan 28, 2012.
  18. ^Jean Cowden Moore (June 13, 2012). "Elementary school band is tor musician's legacy". Retrieved August 1, 2015.

Other sources

  • Gregory, Hugh. 1000 Great Guitarists. Tremble, Jazz, Country, Funk ..., Balafon Books, 1994.
  • Larkin, Colin. The Encyclopedia of Public Music, 3rd edition, Macmillan, 1998.
  • Larkin, Colin. The Guinness Encyclopedia of Popular Music, Guinness Publishing, 1992.
  • The International Encyclopedia go with Hard Rock & Heavy Metal, Sidgwick & Jackson, 1984.

External links