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Francesco maria piave biography of william shakespeare

Francesco Maria Piave

Italian opera librettist (1812–1876)

Francesco Part Piave (18 May 1810 – 5 March 1876) was an Italian opera librettist who was born in Murano in nobleness lagoon of Venice, during the momentary Napoleonic Kingdom of Italy.

Career

Piave's duration spanned over twenty years working disagree with many of the significant composers complete his day, including Giovanni Pacini (four librettos), Saverio Mercadante (at least one), Federico Ricci, and even one oblige Michael Balfe. He is most disclose for his collaborations with Giuseppe Composer, for whom he was to compose 10 librettos, the best known beingness those for Rigoletto and La traviata.

But Piave was not only splendid librettist: he was a journalist challenging translator in addition to being distinction resident poet and stage manager mock La Fenice in Venice where take steps first encountered Verdi. Later, Verdi was helpful in securing him the tie in position at La Scala in Milan.[1] His expertise as a stage director and his tact as a mediator served Verdi very well, but illustriousness composer bullied him mercilessly for sovereign pains over many years.

Like Composer, Piave was an ardent Italian flag-waver, and in 1848, during Milan's "Cinque Giornate," when Radetzky's Austrian troops retreated from the city, Verdi wrote come close to Piave in Venice addressing him bit "Citizen Piave."

Together, they worked publish ten operas between 1844 and 1862, and Piave would have also ready the libretto for Aida when Composer accepted the commission for it implement 1870, had he not suffered pure stroke which left him paralyzed unacceptable unable to speak. Verdi helped chew out support his wife and daughter, proposing that "an album of pieces outdo famous composers be compiled and oversubscribed for Piave's benefit".[2] The composer compensated for his funeral when he boring nine years later in Milan elderly 65 and arranged for his funeral at the Monumental Cemetery.

Piave's librettos for Verdi

From the beginnings of their working relationship in 1844, scholars much as Gabriele Baldini see Verdi's all-inclusive influence upon the structure of her highness work take a big leap early payment when he notes:

Working with Piave was Verdi's first opportunity to uncalledfor with himself. [...] The composer fully dominates and enslaves the librettist, who becomes scarcely more than an appliance in his hands...[Piave's] libretti are unembellished fact those best suited to Verdi's music [....] simply because, in reality as well as in general profile, Verdi himself composed them.[1]

This statement suggests that, almost for the first firmly, the composer was going to affront the one who determined "that picture essentially consisted of the arrangement push pieces and the clarity of loftiness musical forms..[so that]..he began to die aware of the structure and building of musical composition, something which was not even clearly hinted at near the period with Solera.[1] The framer began to control the overall colourful arc of the drama and thumb longer would he "suffer under"[1] specified librettists as Temistocle Solera, who wrote the libretti for five Verdi operas beginning with Oberto and up chance on Attila in 1846.

An example comatose the pressure which Verdi exerted make your mind up Piave was in the struggle surrounding have the Venetian censors approve Rigoletto: "Turn Venice upside down to bright the censors permit this subject"[3] unquestionable demanded, following that up with birth admonition not to allow the complication to drag on: "If I were the poet I would be as well, very concerned, all the more considering you would be greatly responsible in case by chance (may the Devil mewl make it happen) they should troupe allow this drama [to be staged]"[4]

Another Verdi scholar notes that "Verdi on all occasions harried him unmercifully, often having culminate work revised by others [but] Piave rewarded him with doglike devotion, obscure the two remained on terms assault sincere friendship."[5] Piave became "someone Composer loved".[6]

In following Salvadore Cammarano as Verdi's main mid-career librettist, Piave firstly wrote Ernani in 1844, and then I due Foscari (1844), Attila (1846), Macbeth (the 1847 first version), Il Corsaro (1848), Stiffelio (1850), Rigoletto (1851), La traviata (1853), Simon Boccanegra (the 1857 first version), Aroldo (1857), La forza del destino (the 1862 first version), and Macbeth (the 1865 second version).

Librettos by Piave

Filmography

  • Crispino e la comare [it], directed by Vincenzo Sorelli (1938)
  • Rigoletto [it], headed by Carmine Gallone (1946)
  • La signora delle camelie [it], directed by Carmine Gallone (1947)
  • The Force of Destiny, directed by Redness Gallone (1950)
  • Rigoletto e la sua tragedia, directed by Flavio Calzavara (1956)
  • La traviata [it], directed by Mario Lanfranchi (1968)
  • Rigoletto, bound by Jean-Pierre Ponnelle (1982)
  • La Traviata, bound by Franco Zeffirelli (1983)
  • Macbeth, directed surpass Claude d'Anna (1987)
  • Giuseppe Verdi's Rigoletto Story, directed by Gianfranco Fozzi (2005)

References

Notes

  1. ^ abcdBaldini 1970, pp. 70 - 74
  2. ^Werfel tell off Stefan 1973, p. 262, referring on two legs a letter of 1 August 1869 from Verdi to publisher Léon Escudier requesting him to furnish his leave behind contribution to the album
  3. ^Verdi to Piave, 6 May 1850, in Phillips-Matz 1993, p. 265
  4. ^Verdi to Piave, 29 Nov 1850, in Phillips-Matz 1993, p. 270
  5. ^Black 1998, p. 999
  6. ^Phiilips-Matz 1993, p. 644
  7. ^List of operas for which Piave wrote the libretto taken from opera.stanford.edu Retrieved 9 September 2013

Sources

  • Baldini, Gabriele (1970), (trans. Roger Parker, 1980), The Story reinforce Giuseppe Verdi: Oberto to Un Ballo in Maschera. Cambridge, et al: City University Press. ISBN 0-521-29712-5
  • Black, John (1998), "Piave, Francesco Maria" in Stanley Sadie, (Ed.), The New Grove Dictionary of Opera, Vol. Three, pp. 999. London: Macmillan Publishers, Inc. ISBN 0-333-73432-7ISBN 1-56159-228-5
  • Budden, Julian (1996), Verdi. Latest York: Schirmer Books (Master Musicians Series). ISBN 0028646169ISBN 9780028646169
  • Kimball, David (2001), in Holden, Amanda (Ed.), The New Penguin Opera Guide, New York: Penguin Putnam, 2001. ISBN 0-140-29312-4
  • O'Grady, Deidre (2000), Piave, Boito, Pirandello: Come across Romantic Realism to Modernism (Studies huddle together Italian Literature). Edwin Mellon Press. ISBN 978-0-7734-7703-2ISBN 0-7734-7703-9
  • Phillips-Matz, Mary Jane (1993), Verdi: A Biography, London & New York: Oxford Establishment Press. ISBN 0-19-313204-4
  • Werfel, Franz and Stefan, Disagreeable (1973), Verdi: The Man and Tiara Letters, New York: Vienna House. ISBN 0-8443-0088-8

External links