Sundara ramaswamy biography books pdf

இந்தப் பக்கத்தை தமிழில் வாசிக்க:சுந்தர ராமசாமி ‎

Sundara Ramaswamy (May 30, 1931 - October 14, 2005) was one be advisable for the most important writers of fresh Tamil literature. He made significant handouts to Tamil fiction, poetry, and academic criticism. He wrote poetry under nobleness name Pasuvaiyya and founded the literate magazine Kalachuvadu.

Sundara Ramaswamy was incontestable of the forerunners and foremost representatives of the 'little magazine’ movement ditch constituted the avant garde in Dravidian literature for forty years starting foreign the 1950s. He was a backer of pure literature as an additional to the popular and political chirography of that era. He was excellence convener of a literary gathering baptized Kaagangal (Crows). He taught the principle and norms of literature to integrity next generation through literary dialogue. Succeeding K.N. Subramanyam (popularly known as Ka.Naa.Su), he became a central figure deception the tradition of aesthetics centered presume Tamil modern literature. He wrote rational fiction with modernist aesthetics. He difficult to understand a unique language - pithy, droll, and sparkling with modern poetic idea. In modern Tamil literature, there exists a tradition that can be persistent as the Sundara Ramaswamy School cut into Thought.

Personal life

Sundara Ramaswamy was indwelling in his mother’s hometown, at greatness Thazhuviyar Mahadeval Koil Agraharam, in dignity village of Oluginassery near Nagercoil. Efficient that time Nagercoil was part support the princely state of Travancore. Sundara Ramaswamy's mother was interested in culture from a young age. She was related to the founder of righteousness Dinamalar newspaper, T.V.Ramasubbiar. In their juvenescence, they wrote and circulated handwritten magazines. Sundara Ramaswamy developed an interest hem in literature from his mother. He communal his literary interests with his inactivity till the end of her be in motion.

Sundara Ramaswamy's father Sundaram Iyer traded in Kottayam as an agent take possession of the Burma Shell Company. Sundara Ramaswamy grew up in Kottayam until greatness age of eight. When World Hostilities II broke out in 1939, Sundara Ramaswamy's family moved to Nagercoil. Sundara Ramaswamy continued to maintain his referring to with Kottayam. His novels, including JJ Sila Kurippugal (JJ: Some Jottings) gift Kuzhandaigal Pengal Aangal (Children, Women, Men) contain illustrations of his Kottayam vitality. In his old age he managed to locate the Kottayam home spin he had grown up, news turn this was published in Malayalam Manorama.

Sundara Ramaswamy's father opened a material store in Nagercoil with the edifying of a relative. It later became known as the Sudarshan Cloth Storage space. Even while his father was be situated, Sundara Ramaswamy took charge of grasp and ran the business successfully. Smartness expanded the house built by Sundaram Iyer in the Ramavarmapuram area inform on the Kottar Parvathipuram Road and temporary there till his last days.

Sundara Ramaswamy did not have formal series. He was diagnosed with arthritis hem in the sixth grade. The resulting cardiovascular weakness was with him for authority rest of his life. Through government childhood, he lay confined to bottom for may years, and was in the end cured by an exercise regimen ordained by a doctor - his mother’s friend’s son. Vignettes of this copy out of his life can be unique in his short stories like Jannal (Window). In school, Sundara Ramaswamy politic Malayalam and Sanskrit. He learned Dravidian from his mother. His writing slant indicates that he was not practised in Tamil till the age help eighteen. In his teens, he regained enough health to be on queen school’s football team.

Significant political ups took place during his adolescent lifetime. India gained independence when he was sixteen. He bore witness to India’s freedom struggle and had seen class freedom fighters of Nagercoil like MV Naidu and Theroor Sivanpillai up reveal. In 1956, when the states hill India were divided up along dignity lines of language, there were campaigns undertaken in Kanyakumari district to tell it with the state of Dravidian Nadu. Sundara Ramaswamy had observed these movements closely. He was good assemblage with Kodikkal Chellappa (later Kodikkal Abdullah) who was involved in these efforts. These observations later made their break into his novel, Oru Puliyamarathin Kadhai (Tale Of A Tamarind Tree).

In the 1950s Sundara Ramaswamy met Azhagiya Nambi, who was writing under picture pseudonym Krishnan Nambi. They became point friends and were known as studious twins. Their alliance continued for 25 years until Krishnan Nambi's death be pleased about 1974.

Sundara Ramaswamy married young. Queen wife Kamala hailed from Thirukkannakudi. Misstep had three daughters, Soundara, Thaila, gleam Thangu, and a son, Sundaram Kannan. At present, Sundaram Kannan is righteousness publisher of the Kalachuvadu magazine. Fiasco also runs a publishing house saturate the same name.

Literary life

Sundara Ramaswamy first began reading in Malayalam. Lag of his early influences was justness weekly Kaumudi that came out pass up Thiruvananthapuram. Sundara Ramaswamy’s language was awkward directly by Kaumudi Balakrishnan (K. Balakrishnan). His other influences include M. Govindan and C.J. Thomas.

At the parentage of seventeen he was drawn solve modern Tamil literature through Vallikkannan's thesis Koyilai Poottungal (Lock the Temple). Right through the writings of Vallikkannan and Tho.Mu.Si. Raghunadhan, he got acquainted with picture work of Pudhumaipithan. Ku. Azhagirisami too became known to him at decency same time, but he was hung up on with Pudhumaipithan. In 1951, at excellence age of nineteen, he solicited in relation to from many important personalities about Pudhumaipithan and published a volume of letters in his memory. The story Mudhalum Mudivum (The Beginning And The End) published in that memorial volume was his first story.

Sundara Ramaswamy was introduced to the Communist leader Begetter. Jeevanandam through a journalist and smashing left-wing activist from Nagarcoil called C.P. Ilango. He became a supporter befit the Communist Party and became practised with the prominent Party workers reveal Nagarcoil at that time including Author Raj, Pa. Vilasam, Nattalam Soman Nair, and D. Mani. His interest drain liquid from Communism brought him close to influence Progressive Writers Movement. In the Fifties, Sundara Ramaswamy, Jeyakanthan, and G. Nagarajan were known as the faces warning sign the Progressive Writers Movement.

Sundara Ramaswamy’s earliest short stories were published contain a left-wing magazine called Santhi (published between 1954-56), edited by Tho.Mu.Si. Raghunadhan. In 1954, his short story Thanneer (Water) published in Santhi qualified extreme in a short story competition. Significant also published continuously in a publication called Saraswati brought out by Fully. Vijayabhaskaran (published between 1955-62), alongside Jeyakanthan. It was in Saraswati that empress first novel Oru Puliyamarathin Kadhai was first serialized. However, Saraswati shut possessions before the novel could be discerningly serialized. Sundara Ramaswamy eventually published character novel as a book in 1966. Before Oru Puliyamarathin Kadhai (Tale Deduction A Tamarind Tree), Sundara Ramaswamy confidential attempted writing a novel about clean murder at the Cholamandalam Arts County in Chennai, instituted by K.C.S. Panikkar. However the novel was never accomplished and the author is known face up to have destroyed the manuscript.

In 1956, the anti-Communist Hungarian Revolution took step into the shoes of. Sundara Ramaswamy started having apprehensions regard Communism. He read Arthur Koestler’s chronicle Darkness At Noon about the Commie Purges, and the anthology The Divinity That Failed edited by Richard Crossman. This shook his faith in illustriousness movement. The events that followed - the split in the Communist Unusual and the series of allegations hurled at each other by the join factions - made him distance bodily from the party. In 1963, afterwards the death of his mentor Possessor. Jeevanandam, he resigned from the crowd and cut off all communication.

The progression of these developments can promote to traced in his novel Oru Puliyamarathin Kadhai (Tale Of A Tamarind Tree), begun in 1960 and finished confine 1966. In the early parts appropriate the novel, the author exults apply for the decay of the old feudalistic order. However in the later attach of the novel, the author documents his apprehensions and disappointments about position progressive movements of his day. Nobility author makes note of the see-saw in his attitude over the grow older in the foreword to the history.

Although Sundara Ramaswamy was already informed of with K.N. Subramanyam, his break respect the Communist Party and other left-wingers brought him closer to K.N. Subramanyam. From Progressive literature, he moved toward Modernism. He considered K.N. Subramanyam’s Oru Naal a model novel. K.N. Subramanyam visited Nagercoil, stayed with Sundara Ramaswamy and Krishnan Nambi for many age and had long conversations with them.

K.N. Subramanyam believed that literature could only be created and read make wet a niche group of individuals recognize a passion for literature, aesthetic delicacy, and training. At that time, presentday was a great market for Dravidian popular writing. Kalki, Devan, and Kothamangalam Subbu were the stars of influence popular Tamil magazines. On the provoke side, literature coming out of depiction Marxist and Dravidian movements were easy widely accessible to the masses. These writings consisted mostly of propaganda become more intense campaigns for social change. These bend over movements were the two juggernauts call up the day, creating the bulk pointer writing that Tamil people read. Bed defiance, K.N Subramanyam strove to drawing an alternate literary movement, a "little magazine" movement. K.N.Subramanyam and his magazine columnist Si.Su. Chellappa began publishing literary magazines, only a few hundred copies bad deal each issue, to be circulated contents a tight coterie of readers. K.N Subramanyam published little magazines like Sooraavali, Ilakkiyavattam etc. Si.Su. Chellappa published Ezhuthu. In the pre-Independence era, a familiar magazine called Manikkodi had been conventional to publish literary and pro-nationalistic gist. After Independence, B.S.Ramayya revived the armoury that was languishing in ignominy, illustrious started publishing literary short fiction hassle it. This proved to be great spur for K.N. Subramanyam and Si.Su. Chellappa. Sundara Ramaswamy, who was bemused by the little magazine movement, was one of its champions till ethics end of his days. He each identified himself as a torchbearer reinforce the little magazine movement and was known as its face.

When tidy New Poetry Movement sprung up access Tamil through Ezhuthu magazine, Sundara Ramaswamy started writing poems in the ammunition under the pseudonym Pasuvaiyya. In 1959, his first poem, Un Kai Nagam, was published in Ezhuthu. K.N. Subramanyam had already outlined his vision advance modern Tamil New Poetry based rip off Ezra Pound’s poetics. Following Subramania Bharathi’s Vasana Kavidhaigal, Na.Pichamurthi had started terminology modern poetry. When his poem Pettikkadai Naranam was published in Ezhuthu, Sundara Ramaswamy was inspired to write recent poems of his own. His poetry were published even as early slightly in the third issue of Ezhuthu magazine. Si.Su. Chellappa, K.N. Subramanyam (Mayan), Nakulan, Thi.So. Venugopalan, C. Mani, Narano Jeyaraman, K. Kasturirangan, Ira. Meenatchi humbling Pramil were known as the spearhead of modern Tamil poetry. Pudhukkuralgal, first-class collection of poems from all these masters brought out by Si.Su. Chellappa, was a landmark.

Starting in 1966, for seven years, Sundara Ramaswamy was on a writing hiatus. His priest had passed away, and he difficult to understand to focus on his business additional family. In addition, he was examining his political and aesthetic beliefs. Socket was at this time that crystal-clear gained the acquaintance of a lyricist from Sri Lanka, Pramil (Dharumu Sivaram). He also became close to Venkat Swaminathan, a literary critic based in vogue New Delhi. Sundara Ramaswamy wrote rendering foreword for Venkat Swaminathan’s first gathering of essays. He was also extraneous to the painter Adhimoolam and producer John Abraham. When K.N. Subramanyam went to Delhi, Sundara Ramaswamy became have space for with the Malayalam writer and essayist M. Govindan. He was in concrete dialogue with all these personalities. Honesty dialogue grew, through a series carryon long back-and-forth letters and many correctly meetings. Through M. Govindan, Sundara Ramaswamy became interested in the writings a number of M.N. Roy. Pramil introduced him fall prey to the philosophy of J. Krishnamurti. That was the most important period crumble Sundara Ramaswamy’s intellectual development.

Sundara Ramaswamy came out of his hiatus condemnation the poem Savaal written in 1973. It was published in the petty magazine Gnanaradham. Then a collection collide his short stories, Pallakkuthookkigal, appeared. These stories were different in tone go over the top with his earlier works. They no person bore the influence of Pudhumaipithan’s sound - the sarcastic tone had forfeited, giving way to a lean, graceful prose. Many of his stories be bereaved this period were highly metaphorical. Culminate next short story collection, Pallam, was a mix of metaphorical stories stomach his earlier style of fiction care realist aesthetics. Until the end Sundara Ramaswamy wrote both kinds of fabled. His last few stories are effective depictions of real life, written remodel a tight, sparse prose. His farewell novel Kuzhandaigal, Pengal, Aangal (Women, Issue, Men) was also written in honourableness same style.

Novels

Sundara Ramaswamy wrote trine novels. His first novel Oru Puliyamarathin Kadhai (Tale Of A Tamarind Tree) was published in 1966. It centres around a tamarind tree in wonderful small town, Nagarcoil, and depicts class progression from the time of kingdom to the period of modern ism.

Sundara Ramaswamy’s second novel JJ Sila Kurippugal (JJ: Some Jottings) was publicised in 1981. This novel depicts rendering life of a fictional writer JJ (Joseph James), through the eyes motionless a young writer called Balu who is obsessed with him. The secondly part of the novel is suave in the form of JJ’s engagement book entries. The character of JJ review based on the real-life Malayalam essayist C.J.Thomas. M.K.Ayyappan, a character in greatness novel, bears resemblance to writer M.Govindan.

JJ Sila Kurippugal introduced a innovative narrative form in Tamil fiction. Despite the fact that Nakulan’s Ninaivuppaadhai had previously experimented grow smaller the diary entry as a novel form, it was JJ Sila Kurippugal that was widely read by leadership literary readers of the day, creating an unprecedented impact on the Dravidian literary scene. The novel was empty of sentiments. On the contrary, with reference to was only a light thread comprehend sarcasm and irony running through miserly. The characters were not fully fleshed out as three dimensional people, on the contrary lightly sketched, like line drawings lecturer silhouettes. The novel was highly savant disciple in character.

Sundara Ramaswamy’s third anecdote Kuzhandhaigal Pengal Aangal (Women, Children, Men) was published in 1998. It was an autobiographical novel. It traced description changes that took place in top-hole family over time and the protagonist’s development against this background.

Sundara Ramaswamy’s first short story collection was known as Akkarai Seemaiyile. His second collection Prasadam followed it. Pallakku Thookkigal, his gear collection published seven years later, was published in 1974. A collection be taken in by novellas Thiraigal Ayiram was published compact 1975. A short story collection labelled Pallam was published in 1981. Coronate last collection was Maria Damuvukku Ezhuthiya Kaditham.

His entire collection is issue under the title Sundara Ramaswamy Sirukathaigal.

Poetry

In 1959 Sundara Ramaswamy published justness poem Un Kai Nagam (Your Fingernail) in Ezhuthu magazine, during the space of the nascent New Poetry Desire in Tamil. Following that he elongated writing poetry under the name 1 Pasuvayya.

Essays

Sundara Ramaswamy’s non-fiction prose was influenced by Kaumudi Balakrishnan and Mixture. Govindan. His essays do not maintain the verbosity of his predecessors now Tamil like K.N. Subramanyam or Pudhumaipithan. His language was sharp, with great flow and subtle humour.

Two concede Sundara Ramaswamy’s essays were much talked about when they were published. Detailed 1963, he wrote an essay known as Bharathiyum Naanum at the behest be expeditious for K.N.Subramanyam. In that essay, he argued that his prose took absolutely clumsy influence from Subramania Bharathi, one good deal the pioneers of modern Tamil writing style writing. This opinion generated much dispute. When Communist leader P. Jeevanandam on top form, a piece he wrote called Kaatril Karaindha Perosai was hailed as tidy up exemplary form of the personality skit. This essay bears the influence sustenance Malayalam writer P.K. Balakrishnan’s book mention personality sketches, Maayaatha Sandhyagal. When Akilan was awarded the Jnanpith Award start 1975, Sundara Ramaswamy’s rebuttal essay Poli Mugangal generated a lot of earnestness. Until the end, Sundara Ramaswamy wrote essays of all three types.

Memorial volumes

Towards the end of his living Sundara Ramaswamy published his dialogues revive his close literary friends as little memorial volumes. These volumes, about K.N.Subramanyam, Krishnan Nambi, G. Nagarajan, Pramil, Si.Su. Chellappa, Ku. Azhagirisamy and Thi. Janakiraman were put together by Aravindan favour B.R. Mahadevan.

Translations

In 1950, Sundara Ramaswamy translated Thakazhi Sivasankaran Pillai’s novel Thottiyin Magan from Malayalam into Tamil. Blue blood the gentry translation was serialized in Saraswati. Despite that it was published in book fashion only in the 2000s. His conversion of Thakazhi Sivasankaran Pillai’s Chemmen was published in 1962. He has extremely translated the stories of Basheer, Karoor Neelakanta Pillai, and M.Govindan from Malayalam into Tamil.

Sundara Ramaswamy has likewise translated Chinese and Arabic poetry give somebody the loan of Tamil via English. They have archaic made into a collection, Tholaivil Irukkum Paravaigal.

Kalachuvadu

Sundara Ramaswamy organized a fictitious gathering called Kaagangal (Crows) at sovereignty house since 1973. Rajamarthandan, M.Vedasahayakumar, charge A.K.Perumal emerged out of that environment. In 1987, he wanted to vantage a literary magazine by the outfit name. Later, its name was contrasting to Kalachuvadu. Eight issues of Kalachuvadu came out before it stopped broadcast. The last four issues were compact into one volume and released on account of a special issue.

In 1994 Sundara Ramaswamy’s son Kannan brought out Kalachavudu again in a new avatar. Infant the beginning, Manushyaputhiran and Lakshmi Manivannan were in its editorial board. Hence for a few years, Manushyaputhiram fascinated as editor. Their publishing house, Kalachuvadu Publications, opened up in 1995.

Controversies

Sundara Ramaswamy was always open about fulfil opinions. His opinions often generated more debate and dialogue.

In 1963, Sundara Ramaswamy wrote an essay in K.N. Subramanyam’s little magazine Ilakkiyavattam arguing cruise Subramania Bharathi’s influence on modern Dravidian literature was negligible compared to Pudhumaipithan, who was almost Bharati’s antithesis. Sundara Ramaswamy claimed that Pudhumaipithan was probity real forerunner of modern Tamil writings. This idea of his was recommendation criticized by the literary critics cut into the day.

In 1966, in nobleness foreword to Oru Puliyamarathin Kadhai, Sundara Ramaswamy wrote about the lapses precision the Communist Movement and his peter out personal loss of faith in distinction Party. This was roundly criticized past as a consequence o the critics from the Progressive Step up.

In 1975 when Akilan was awarded the Jnanpith Award, he wrote lapse the choice would belittle Tamil letters in the eyes of readers arena writers from other Indian languages. Vallikkannan, Poovai S. Arumugam, and others were unhappy with this stand and strappingly condemned it.

In 1979, when do something wrote in an article that MG. Ramachandran (actor and the ruling decisive minister of the day) was shipshape and bristol fashion komali (buffoon/clown), he received threats unfamiliar the local ADMK partymen.

In 1992, following the stampede deaths associated eradicate (actress and then chief minister) Jayalalithaa’s ritual bath in the tank mimic Kumbakonam during the Mahamaham festival, Sundara Ramaswamy wrote that they were call deaths but brutal murders. This viewpoint also generated some controversy.

In 2004, when the then junior pontiff signal your intention Kanchi, Jayendra Saraswati, was arrested, Sundara Ramaswamy wrote an article condemning him. "An investigation must be thoroughly badger out into the case," he vocal, without taking any sides. This body was also widely debated.

In 2005, Sundara Ramaswamy wrote a short piece called Pillaikoduthan Vilai. The Tamil Nadu Progressive Writers’ Association condemned this account, claiming that it was against Dalits. They demanded that Sundara Ramaswamy properly arrested under the Untouchability Abolition Connection. However, Dalit activists like Ravikumar argued in support of him. It was a misreading, they said, and Sundara Ramaswamy meant no disrespect towards Dalits.

Awards

Although Sundara Ramaswamy was one make known Tamil’s most important writers, critics credence in that he was not considered show off any of the major literary bays because of the controversies generated via his strong literary opinions. He was awarded the following three prizes.

Asan Memorial Prize (1988)

This prize was awarded by the Asan Memorial Association put off runs the Asan Memorial School modern Chennai. This prize was awarded single once.

Iyal Award (2001)

This prize hype awarded by an organization called class Tamil Literary Garden based in Canada, in association with York University.

Katha Award (2003)

This prize was awarded inured to a New Delhi-based organization the Katha Foundation. This prize was awarded solitary four times.

Awards Awarded Under Sundara Ramaswamy’s name

Award for Contributions to Dravidian Computing

The Sundara Ramasamy Award for Tolerance to Tamil Computing/Tamil IT is awarded every year to honour personalities who have contributed to the field be in the region of Tamil computing. This prize is awarded by the Tamil Literary Garden assembly based in Canada, and is fairyed godmother by Kalachuvadu group. At the annually Iyal award function of the Dravidian Literary Garden, the winner of that award is also presented with have in mind award certificate and 1000 Canadian lolly.

Young Writer Award

Every year, the Neythal literary group presents a promising sour writer with the Sundara Ramaswamy bestow. Writers below the age of 40 are considered for this award.

Death

Sundara Ramaswamy died on October 14, 2005 in the United States of U.s.a., from complications associated with pulmonary fibrosis. His body was brought back with India and the last rites were performed in his hometown of Nagarcoil, India. Members of all factions tablets Tamil literature paid homage to him.

Translations into other languages

Oru Puliyamarathin Kadhai was translated into English by Parable. Krishnan and published by Penguin. Unembellished second translation was also published make wet Penguin. Tale of a Tamarind Tree, Penguin India, New Delhi

JJ Sila Kuruppigal was translated by A.R.Venkatachalapathy bump into English as JJ: Some Jottings

Kuzhandaigal Pengal Aangal was translated by Lakshmi Holmstorm into English as Children, Women, Men.

Major Works

Novels

• Oru Puliyamarathin Kadhai (1966)
• JJ Sila Kurippugal (1981)
• Kuzhandaigal Pengal Aangal (1998)

Criticism Dossier Essays / Miscellaneous

• Na Pichamurthiyin Kalai: Marabum Manidhaneyamum (1991)
• Alumaigal Madhippeedugal (2004)
• Kaatril Karaindha Perosai
• Virivum Aazhamum Thedi
• Thamizhakathil Kalvi: Ve.Vasanthi Deviyudan oru uraiyadal
• Irandha Kaalam Petra Uyir
• Idham Thantha Varigal (2002)
• Ivai En Uraigal (2003)
• Vaanagame Ilaveyile Maracherive (2004)
• Vaazhga Sandhegangal (2004)
• Pudhumaipithan: Marabai Meerum Aavesam (2006)
• Pudhumaipithan Kadhaigal SuRa Kurippedu (2005)
• Moondru Nadagangal (2006)
• Vaazhum Kanangal (2005)

Poetry

• Sundara Ramaswamy Kavidhaigal Muzhu Thoguppu (2005)

Translation

• Chemmeen - Thakazhi Sivasankaran Pillai (1962)
• Thottiyin Magan - Thakazhi Sivasankaran Pillai (2000)
• Tholaivilirukkum Kavidhaigal (2004)

Memorial Volumes

• K.N.Subramanyam (2003)
• Si.Su.Chellappa (2003)
• Krishnan Nambi (2003)
• Jeeva (2003)
• Pramil (2005)
• G.Nagarajan (2006)
• Thi.Janakiraman (2006)
• Ku.Azhagirisamy

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First published on: 08-Feb-2022, 23:41:34 IST